活死人之夜Night of the Living Dead

剧情简介Synopsis

《活死人之夜》（英语：Night of the Living Dead）是1968年由乔治·安德鲁·罗梅罗所执导一部属于黑白恐怖僵尸片的独立电影。在先前剧本草稿题目命名为《魔鬼掠动》（Monster Flick），但制作期间则以《阿努比斯之夜》与《食肉者之夜》（Night of the Flesh Eaters）的名称更为人熟知。本片分别由杜安·琼斯与朱迪斯·奥迪演出“本”（Ben）与“芭芭拉”（Barbra）两位主角。电影主要情节是关于神秘的僵尸复活，以及班、芭芭拉与其他五个人被困在宾州一处农庄时，努力求生的过程。 导演雷美奥以11万4千美金的低成本制作本片，但十多年后本片於戏院重新上映时，却获得全美约1200万美金的票房收入，全球票房估计约有3000万美金。《活死人之夜》在当时因其过于写实的内容而受到强烈批评，但是过了三十年后美国国会图书馆以“具历史、文化意义或充满美学的重要性”之理由，将本片和其他电影一同列入美国国家电影名册（National Film Registry）。 本片对于美国越战时期的文化造成极大冲击，并且内含对1960年代晚期美国社会现象全面的讽刺与批判，一位历史学家就曾说本片在许多层面都“具有破坏性”。虽然《活死人之夜》并不是第一部僵尸电影，但却影响其后不计其数的同质性影片，为僵尸流行文化的定义带来极大影响。本片也是由雷美奥执导的六部《活死人》系列电影中的第一部，且被重新拍摄过两次（分别是在1990年与2006年）。Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American zombie horror film directed, photographed, and edited by George A. Romero, written by Romero and John Russo, and produced by Russell W. Streiner and Karl Hardman. The independent film's ensemble cast—which includes Duane Jones, Judith O'Dea, Marilyn Eastman, Karl Hardman, Judith Ridley, and Keith Wayne—star as a group of people trapped in a farmhouse in rural Pennsylvania, under assault by flesh-eating reanimated corpses. Although the monsters that appear in the film are referred to as "ghouls", they are credited with popularizing the modern portrayal of zombies in popular culture. Having gained experience creating television commercials, industrial films, and Mister Rogers' Neighborhood segments through their production company The Latent Image, Romero, Russo, and Streiner decided to make a horror film to capitalize on interest in the genre. Their script primarily drew inspiration from Richard Matheson's 1954 novel I Am Legend. Principal photography took place between July 1967 and January 1968, mainly on location in Evans City, Pennsylvania, with Romero using guerrilla filmmaking techniques he had honed in his commercial and industrial work to complete the film on a budget of approximately US$100,000. Unable to procure a proper set, the crew rented a condemned farmhouse to destroy during the course of filming. Night of the Living Dead premiered in Pittsburgh on October 1, 1968. It grossed US$12 million domestically and US$18 million internationally, earning more than 250 times its budget and making it one of the most profitable film productions of all time. Released shortly before the adoption of the Motion Picture Association of America rating system, the film's explicit violence and gore were considered groundbreaking, leading to controversy and negative reviews. It eventually garnered a cult following and critical acclaim, and has appeared on lists of the greatest and most influential films ever made by such outlets as Empire, The New York Times and Total Film. Frequently identified as a touchstone in the development of the horror genre, retrospective scholarly analysis has focused on its reflection of the social and cultural changes in the United States during the 1960s, with particular attention towards the casting of Jones, an African-American, in the leading role. In 1999, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. Night of the Living Dead created a successful franchise that includes five following films released between 1978 and 2009, all directed by Romero. Since the film was mistakenly created without a copyright notice, it entered the public domain upon release, resulting in numerous adaptations, remakes, and a lasting legacy in the horror genre. An official remake, written by Romero and directed by Tom Savini, was released in 1990.